Question 1

Huge empires-such as the Roman Empire that included tens of millions of people and several million square miles-were based on agrarian technology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Durkheim claimed that, for each of us as individuals, society:

Accepted Answer

A)   maintains the highest level of personal privacy.
B)   helps free people from human culture.
C)   helps people "be all they can be."
D)   regulates individuals, reining in their desires and passions.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is:

Accepted Answer

A)   unequal, with men controlling farming.
B)   fairly equal, with men and women making a vital contribution to survival.
C)   unequal, with women raising the young while men secure food.
D)   equal, because both men and women perform the same tasks.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Marx looked forward to the transformation of capitalism into a more equal and humane society that he called socialism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following concepts was used by Durkheim to name a condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)   division of labor
B)   False consciousness
C)   anomie
D)   alienationE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Rational, modern societies, according to Weber, were becoming more personal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

As Marx used the concept, alienation means:

Accepted Answer

A)   the sense of not knowing right from wrong.
B)   that most people do not want to work at all.
C)   that people object to highly specialized work.
D)   the experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Modern societies are held together mostly by shared moral sentiments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to Lenski, the term sociocultural evolution refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)   changes brought about by new ways of thinking.
B)   changes created by ideas coming from other societies.
C)   change that results from social conflict.
D)   changes that occur as a society acquires new technology.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Describe Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural evolution, summarizing several key traits of each stage. What major technological revolutions have reshaped human societies in the past?

Accepted Answer

Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural ...

Question 11

If you wanted to learn more about a society's worldview to be a powerful force causing change, to which of the following sociologists would you turn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gerhard Lenski
B)   Karl Marx
C)   Max Weber
D)   Emile DurkheimE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Max Weber used the concept "rationalization of society" to point to historical change from tradition to rationality as the dominant mode of human thought.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is True of hunting and gathering societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Population is small they are nomadic.
B)   Population is large they live in villages.
C)   Population is small they raise crops and animals.
D)   Population is large most people are farmers.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Looking over the long course of history, Durkheim claimed that societies change as _____ gives way to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   Gesellschaft Gemeinschaft
B)   individualism collective conscience
C)   mechanical solidarity organic solidarity
D)   organic solidarity mechanical solidarityE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

What concept did Durkheim use to refer to social bonds, which are strong among members of industrial society and are based on specialization and mutual interdependence?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gesellschaft
B)   mechanical solidarity
C)   collective conscience
D)   organic solidarityE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

According to Max Weber, early Calvinists were:

Accepted Answer

A)   deeply religious and highly disciplined.
B)   eager to enjoy what money could buy.
C)   people who respected the past.
D)   All of the above are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

How did Weber describe traditional societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   People look open-mindedly to the future.
B)   People pass the same values and beliefs from generation to generation.
C)   People live in the present, paying little attention to the past or the future.
D)   People strive to be more and more productive.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Drawing on the ideas of Lenski, Marx, Weber, and Durkheim, cite ways in which one might claim modern society is better than societies in the past. In what ways might any of these thinkers see modern society as getting worse?

Accepted Answer

Drawing on the ideas of Lenski, Marx, We...

Question 19

Hunting and gathering societies were the only kind on the Earth from the origins of the human species some 3 million years ago until about:

Accepted Answer

A)   250,000 years ago.
B)   100,000 years ago.
C)   12,000 years ago.
D)   2,500 years ago.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Karl Marx argued that the dominant social institution is:

Accepted Answer

A)   the family.
B)   religion.
C)   politics.
D)   the economy.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: Society

Looking over the long course of history, Durkheim claimed that societies change as _____ gives way to _____.

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The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is:

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Which of the following concepts was used by Durkheim to name a condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals?

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What concept did Durkheim use to refer to social bonds, which are strong among members of industrial society and are based on specialization and mutual interdependence?

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According to Max Weber, early Calvinists were:

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Huge empires-such as the Roman Empire that included tens of millions of people and several million square miles-were based on agrarian technology.

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Karl Marx argued that the dominant social institution is:

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Modern societies are held together mostly by shared moral sentiments.

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Describe Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural evolution, summarizing several key traits of each stage. What major technological revolutions have reshaped human societies in the past?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIGerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural ...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Lenski, the term sociocultural evolution refers to:

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Which of the following is True of hunting and gathering societies?

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How did Weber describe traditional societies?

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Rational, modern societies, according to Weber, were becoming more personal.

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If you wanted to learn more about a society's worldview to be a powerful force causing change, to which of the following sociologists would you turn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Durkheim claimed that, for each of us as individuals, society:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marx looked forward to the transformation of capitalism into a more equal and humane society that he called socialism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hunting and gathering societies were the only kind on the Earth from the origins of the human species some 3 million years ago until about:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Max Weber used the concept "rationalization of society" to point to historical change from tradition to rationality as the dominant mode of human thought.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As Marx used the concept, alienation means:

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Drawing on the ideas of Lenski, Marx, Weber, and Durkheim, cite ways in which one might claim modern society is better than societies in the past. In what ways might any of these thinkers see modern society as getting worse?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIDrawing on the ideas of Lenski, Marx, We...View AnswerShow Answer

Looking over the long course of history, Durkheim claimed that societies change as _ gives way to _.

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Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural ...
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Drawing on the ideas of Lenski, Marx, We...
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